Cotton Modeling for Climate Change, on-farm Decision Support and Policy Decisions

Crop simulation models are valuable tools that scientists can use in testing hypotheses. Models also are used to identify the areas where knowledge is lacking, indicating the need for future research activities. In addition, models are being used as decision support systems at the farm level to optimize resource management. The cotton simulation model, GOSSYM, is a mechanistic process level model which simulates cotton growth, development and yield and has been used for over 20 years as an on-farm decision support tool by cotton growers and consultants resulting in increased profits to cotton producers. By optimizing the inputs such as chemical fertilizers, insecticides, plant growth regulators and harvestaid chemicals, the model not only contributes to increased yields but also helps to decrease environmental contamination. The use and application of the model in research management, yield forecasting, and farm management is reviewed. Also, the application of GOSSYM on the impacts of projected climate change on cotton production is reviewed. Suggested mitigation options to be used in the future higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and warmer temperatures are presented.